Te Tūranga o ngā Pūtau Rā ki te Whakaiti i te Tapuwae Waro

I a te ao e whakataetae ana ki ngā wero nui pēnei i te huringa āhuarangi me te hekenga o te taiao, kāore anō kia rite te hiranga o te kimi i ngā otinga pūngao pumau. I roto i ngā hangarau hou e aro ana ki ēnei take, he mahi nui tā ngā pūtau pūngao rā ki te whakaiti i ngā tapuwae waro. Mā te whakamahi i te pūngao rā nui, ka tukuna e ngā pūtau pūngao rā he puna pūngao ma, ka taea te whakahou ake, ka taea te whakaiti i ngā tukunga hau kati kōtuhi.

Ngā pūtau rā, e mōhiotia ana ko ngā pūtau photovoltaic (PV), ka huri tika i te rā ki te hiko. Ehara i te mea he tino whai hua tēnei tukanga engari he pai hoki ki te taiao, nā te mea kāore e puta he tukunga kino. He rerekē ki ngā wahie pūmua, e tuku ana i te hauhā waro (CO2) me ētahi atu poke ina tahuna, he tukanga kore tukunga te whakaputanga hiko o te rā. Mā te huri ki te hiko o te rā, ka taea e ngā tāngata takitahi me ngā pakihi te whakaiti i tō rātou whakawhirinaki ki ngā pūtake hiko waro-rahi, ā, ka whakaitihia te tapuwae waro whānui.

He tino nui te pānga o ngā pūtau rā ki ngā tukunga waro, ina whakaarohia ko te umanga pūngao tētahi o ngā tino takoha ki ngā tukunga hau kati kōtuhi o te ao. E ai ki te International Energy Agency (IEA), tata ki te 73% o ngā tukunga CO2 katoa i te tau 2019 i ahu mai i te rāngai pūngao. Mā te whakauru i ngā pūtau rā ki roto i te ranunga pūngao, ka taea e tātou te whakakore i te nui o te kai wahie pūmua. Hei tauira, ka taea e tētahi pūnaha panera rā kāinga te whakakore i te tata ki te 100 tana o te CO2 i roto i tōna oranga katoa, he rite ki ngā tukunga i puta mai i te taraiwa i tētahi motuka neke atu i te 200,000 maero.

Hei tāpiri atu ki tēnā, nā te kaha o te hangarau pūngao rā e pai ai mō ngā tono iti me ngā tono nui. Ka taea te whakamahi i ngā pūtau pūngao rā i roto i ngā momo tautuhinga, mai i ngā whakaurunga tuanui kāinga ki ngā pāmu pūngao rā nui e whakakaha ana i ngā hapori katoa. Mā tēnei whānuitanga ka taea te tohatoha i ngā tauira pūngao, ka whakaiti i ngā mate tuku me te whakarei ake i te haumarutanga pūngao. I te mea ka nui haere ngā kāinga me ngā pakihi e whakamahi ana i te pūngao rā, ka nui te pānga ki ngā tukunga waro.

Haunga te whakaiti tika i ngā tukunga, ka taea hoki e ngā pūtau pūngao rā te whakatairanga i te whanaketanga ōhanga pumau. Ka hangaia e te umanga pūngao rā he miriona mahi puta noa i te ao, puta noa i te hanga, te tāutanga, te tiaki, me te rangahau me te whanaketanga. Ko te nekehanga ki te pūngao whakahou ehara i te mea ka whakatairanga noa i te tipu ōhanga engari ka whakatairanga hoki i te mana motuhake o te pūngao, ka whakaiti i te whakawhirinaki ki ngā wahie pūmua kawemai, e puta mai ana me ngā utu taiao me te ao tōrangapū nui.

Hei tāpiri atu ki tēnā, kei te piki haere tonu te whai huatanga me te utu tika o ngā pūtau rā nā ngā whanaketanga hangarau o te rā. Ko ngā mahi auaha pēnei i ngā panera rā kanohi-rua (e hopu ana i te hihi o te rā mai i ngā taha e rua) me ngā pūnaha aroturuki rā e arotau ana i te hopunga pūngao puta noa i te rā, kei te ngāwari ake te uru atu me te whai hua o te pūngao rā. I te heke haere tonu o ngā utu, he nui ake ngā tāngata takitahi me ngā pakihi ka haumi ki ngā otinga rā, ā, ka whakarei ake i tā rātou mahi ki te whakaiti i ngā tapuwae waro.

I roto i te poto,ngā pūtau rāHe mahi nui tā ngā pūtau rā i roto i te kaupapa ā-ao ki te whakaiti i tō tātou tapuwae waro me te whawhai ki te huringa āhuarangi. Hei puna pūngao ma, ka taea te whakahou, ka āwhina ngā pūtau rā ki te whakakapi i te whakamahinga wahie pūmua me te whakaiti i ngā tukunga hau kati kōtuhi. I te whanaketanga hangarau me te pikinga o te urunga mai, kei te kitea haere te kaha o te pūngao rā ki te huri i te whenua pūngao me te whai wāhi ki tētahi heke mai pumau. Ehara i te mea he mea nui noa iho te awhi i ngā pūtau rā; he ara anō hoki ki tētahi ao ma, matomato, me te pakari ake.